The preparation of a calix[4]arene-based dual boron–dipyrrin system was accomplished by the condensation of diformylcalix[4]arene and pyrrole followed by a treatment with DDQ and diethyl ether–boron trifluoride (1/1). An X-ray crystal structure analysis and spectroscopic measurements revealed that the cone conformation of calix[4]arene serves to define 14.9 Å as the center-to-center boron–dipyrrin separation.
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Nishioka et al. (2001) studied this question.
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