Trends in Molecular Biology of Several Fruit Trees

The most relevant trends in the molecular biology of several fruit trees as apple, peach, nectarine and apricots are sumarized in this article.Thus, one of the most important problem is the management of germplasm collections, that is usually due by molecular markers, that could provide valuable information about molecular characterization of cultivars, the expansion of cultivars from centres of origin, identification of synonymies, selection of new cultivars, assessment of genetic diversity/stability after conservation.Other direction of research is identification of molecular markers associated with different traits (Quantitative Trait Loci-QTL) and identification of mechanisms involved in resistance to pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi) and different climate conditions (drought, cold) in order to select new valuable cultivars (Molecular marker-Assisted Selection-MAS).