The relation of forward scattering of very high frequency radio waves to partial reflection of medium frequency waves at vertical incidence

A comparison is made between published VHF forward-scatter data and results of vertical-incidence investigations of the lower ionosphere, mainly at a frequency of 1.75 Mc/s. The received waves in each type of transmission are shown to have many similar characteristics, such as temporal variations, and to originate in the same height regions. It is concluded that the two types of transmission have a common origin.