The treatment of adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) remains a complex clinical challenge. The vast array of surgical options available for the ‘‘flexible flatfoot’’, or stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction as classified by Johnson and Strom [30], reflects the wide variation in deformity and pathology seen in this group. This includes medial ray hypermobility, forefoot abduction and forefoot supination. We aimed at discussing the pathophysiology of AAFD, classification of the deformity and treatment options available with emphasis on the apparent surgical controversies in stage II disease.
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Zaw et al. (2010) studied this question.
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