We have obtained and characterized a cold atomic beam produced by a simple conical atom funnel, which consists of a conical hollow mirror (axicon) with a small hole at the apex and a single incident laser beam. Atoms trapped in the axicon mirror are ejected by the radiation-pressure imbalance along the extraction column. The atomic beam has a longitudinal velocity in the range of 4 to 6 m/s, a divergence of 150 mrad, and a maximum instantaneous flux of 2.2×10¹⁰ atoms/s in a pulsed operation. The experimental results are in quantitative agreement with the numerical simulations. A continuous atomic beam is also possible with an apex hole smaller than the trapped atomic cloud.
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Kim et al. (2001) studied this question.
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