Pediatric thoracic anesthesia: airway management for lung isolation and postoperative analgesia

Thoracic anesthesia for non-cardiac surgery in children remains a niche practice with significant physiologic and anatomic constraints that distinguish it from a similar practice in adults. Specialized knowledge of one lung ventilation techniques, various regional anesthesia techniques, and multimodal approaches to post procedure analgesia, is essential to ensure safety and high-quality care. This review addresses airway management and acute postoperative pain topics in children undergoing non-cardiac thoracic surgery.