Deep bed filtration has been studied experimentally and numerically for small non-Brownian particles flowing into a random packing of monosize glass spheres at low Reynolds number. It was discovered that packets of particles penetrated further than the same number of particles released one at a time. These collective effects are attributed to hydrodynamic phenomena, one plausible explanation being the existence of relaunchable ‘‘hydrodynamic captures’’ in addition to ‘‘geometric captures.’’
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Ghidaglia et al. (1996) studied this question.
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