A Tertiary Care Experience with Intrauterine Blood Transfusion for Severe Fetal Anemia: Case Report and Review

Background: Rhesus (Rh) incompatibility is a known cause of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN), especially in Rh-negative women carrying Rh-positive fetuses.Early detection and appropriate prophylactic management are essential in preventing isoimmunization and its consequences.Case presentation: We report a case of a 31-year-old gravida 3, para 1, living 1 (G3P1L1) woman with a known Rh-negative blood group who presented at 30 + 6 weeks of gestation for a regular antenatal check-up.She had a prior cesarean section and one spontaneous abortion, without documented anti-D administration.Her indirect Coombs test (ICT) was positive, indicating alloimmunization.Serial monitoring of antibody titers and fetal well-being was undertaken.The pregnancy was managed conservatively, with close follow-up and timely interventions.Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of early antenatal registration, proper documentation of anti-D prophylaxis, and close fetal surveillance in sensitized Rh-negative pregnancies.