Blood biochemistry changes in a minipig infarction model

Figures

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  Figure 1. Experimental design. A schematic diagram summarizes the experimental procedures in the minipig myocardial infarction model.

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  Figure 2. AST level change in a minipig myocardial infarction model. The mean AST levels were within the reference range (10–45 U/L) at baseline (M = 16.89 U/L, SD = 15.61). The post-reperfusion (M = 27.38 U/L, SD = 19.56) and 72 h (M = 37.4 U/L, SD = 71.87) blood results did not differ statistically (p = 0.532, p = 0.884, respectively). The day 30 values were lower than the baseline (M = 8 U/L, SD = 7.66). Marginal means were estimated with 95% confidence intervals using the restricted maximum likelihood fitting method. For p-value calculation, Satterthwaite’s method was applied to the results of logarithmic data. AST, aspartate transaminase.

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  Figure 3. Kinetic of the ALT values in the minipig infarction model. ALT levels were within the physiological reference range values in the baseline samples taken before AMI induction (M = 18.6 U/L SD = 9.54) and immediately following reperfusion (M = 19.3 U/L, SD = 10.99). The mean value increased not significantly (M = 36.6 U/L, SD = 54.52, p = 0.873) in samples obtained at 72 h. The mean of the results obtained from blood samples collected on day 30 was statistically lower (p = 0.001) than the baseline values (M = 11.7 U/L, SD = 9.08). Marginal means were estimated with 95% confidence intervals using the restricted maximum likelihood fitting method. For p-value calculation, Satterthwaite’s method was applied to the results of logarithmic data. ALT, alanine aminotransferase.

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  Figure 4. AST/ALT (De Ritis) ratio values in the 30-day minipig infarction model. In the AST/ALT ratio was a statistically significant (p = 0.005) difference between the baseline and day 30 values. Data are presented as estimated marginal means. Significance is calculated from the results of logarithmic data.

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  Figure 5. LDH level changes in the minipig myocardial infarction model. LDH mean serum levels were increased in the 72-h samples (M = 2,334 U/L, SD = 2,970) p < 0.001 compared to baseline (M = 601 U/L, SD = 208) and post-reperfusion (M = 768 U/L, SD = 264) and were above the reference range values. Values dropped to a level significantly below the baseline values on day 30 (M = 420 U/L, SD = 210) (p = 0.013). Marginal means were estimated with 95% confidence intervals using the restricted maximum likelihood fitting method. For p-value calculation, Satterthwaite’s method was applied to the results of logarithmic data. LDH, lactate dehydrogenase.

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  Figure 6. CK value changes in the minipig infarction model. The CK levels were above the reference range at the first blood sampling time point (M = 1,606 U/L, SD = 832). An increasing trend was observed for the post-reperfusion (M = 2,400 U/L, SD = 844, p = 0.389) and the 72-h (M = 2,349 U/L, SD = 2,300, p = 0.021) samples. The mean of the day 30 values (M = 374 U/L, SD = 201) was lower (p < 0.001) than the baseline values. Marginal means were estimated with 95% confidence intervals using the restricted maximum likelihood fitting method. For p-value calculation, Satterthwaite’s method was applied to the results of logarithmic data. CK, creatine kinase.

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  Figure 7. Cardiac troponin value changes during the minipig infarction model. The baseline troponin I mean value was 12.1 pg./mL. Troponin I mean values were significantly increased immediately following AMI (M = 237.2 pg./mL, SD = 354.7, p < 0.001) and increased manifold by the 72 h (M = 2,933 pg./mL, SD = 4,573, p < 0.001). By day 30, the troponin levels dropped to a normal level (M = 19.8 pg./mL, SD = 70.4, p = 0.426). Marginal means were estimated with 95% confidence intervals using the restricted maximum likelihood fitting method. For p-value calculation, Satterthwaite’s method was applied to the results of logarithmic data.