Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells Processed Under Ambient Conditions Using In Situ Substrate‐Heating‐Assisted Deposition

It is a great challenge to process highly efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) under ambient conditions, which limits their potential commercialization. Herein, high‐quality triple cation mixtures Cs0.21FA0.56MA0.23(I0.98Br0.02)3 perovskite films are fabricated through two‐step solution processes via in situ substrate‐heating‐assisted deposition under ambient conditions with a relative humidity of about 40%. The in situ substrate temperature during the deposition significantly influences the grain size and compactness of lead iodide films, and therefore greatly affects the morphology, composition, and band gap of resulted perovskite films. Based on the optimization of substrate temperature and the thickness of perovskite layer, PSCs with a planar heterojunction configuration of ITO/SnO2/perovskite/Spiro‐OMeTAD/Ag are fabricated, which deliver a power conversion efficiency up to 18.38%. These results suggest that high‐performance PSCs can be fabricated under ambient conditions instead of an inert environment, providing a fundamental step for accelerating PSC commercialization.