Coagulation and flocculation on water quality matrix

The effective working zones of various separation processes have characterized by the author on the water quality conversion matrix of a two-dimensional diagram with coordinates of impurity size and chemical nature. In this paper the author describes behaviors of the various water quality components on the matrix with the operations of precipitation, coagulation and flocculation. The formation mechanisms and procedures of various types of flocs from various impurity components are discussed in connection with the structures of various flocs generated from the various components. The nature of flocs are defined mainly by the kinds of the matrix components and selected coagulation operations, and controls performance of the following solid-liquid separation processes.