We report the case of a 63-year-old male diagnosed with chronic autoimmune mediated meningoencephalitis and periodic cyclical fever syndrome. After 2 years of failed conventional treatment and recurrent hospitalizations, anakinra treatment (an interleukin-1 [IL-1] receptor antagonist) was trialed which resulted in full recovery. As evidenced by this case, anakinra can be used to treat chronic autoimmune meningitis, which can often be refractory to treatment.
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Novroski et al. (2017) studied this question.
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