In ladle metallurgical operations, it is common practice to use an inert gas for stirring. The stirring is used to achieve homogenization and to pursue chemical and physical changes. The raised region where the gas discharges from the bath during argon stirring is usually called a spout. Where the spout is uncovered by slag, the region is called the spout eye.The spout region is significance in industrial practice, since it is an important site for slag-metal reactions and the site of undesirable reactions between metal and air. However, there has been relatively little study to elucidate the phenomena.
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Subagyo et al. (2003) studied this question.