Masamichi Aikawa, John R. Rabbege, Iroka Udeinya, Louis H. Miller, Electron Microscopy of Knobs in Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes, The Journal of Parasitology, Vol. 69, No. 2 (Apr., 1983), pp. 435-437
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Aikawa et al. (1983) studied this question.