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Elements of empowerment are: cognitive, experiential, ethical, social, biophysiological, functional and economic. Empirical data from 64 Finnish multiple sclerosis patients were collected. Based on the data, the social element is the most dominating element of empowerment. Patient-center research in nursing care of MS patients should be done to facilitate MS patients abilities toward empowerment.
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Leino‐Kilpi et al. (1998) studied this question.
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