Machinability Evaluation of Nanoparticle Enriched in Vegetable-Based-Nanofluids for Machining Process

Vegetable oil had been studying to replace mineral-based oil as metalworking fluids (MWFs) as it is non-toxic, bio-degradable and environmentally friendly. Due to vegetable oil's high viscosity and poor thermal conductivity, some improvements had been applied to a vegetable oil such as chemically modified and the addition of additives. This study aims to evaluate the machining capability of modified jatropha oil (MJO) with nanoparticle additives of 0.025wt% copper oxide (CuO) (MJOc) and 0.025wt% hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) (MJOh) as metalworking fluids. Through the turning process, the machining performance of MJOc and MJOh was compared withcommercial synthetic ester (SE) in terms of cutting temperature, surface roughness, tool life, and tool wear. The results indicate that MJOc and MJOh outperformed SE in terms of machining performance. Compared to MJOc, MJOh has better machining performance in terms of cutting temperature and surface roughness. In addition, MJOh had the same tool life performance with SE which is at a cutting length of 6000mm and machining time of 42 minutes. In conclusion, the overall best machining performance is MJOh (MJO+0.025wt% hBN) and has the potential as sustainable MWFs in the lubricant market.