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Different organic bases, primarily with carbon disulfide as co-solvent, were used to probe the nature of the binary solvent extractions of Upper Freeport coal. The effect of tetracyanoethylene addition on extract yields was also examined. Amides and cyclic ureas where found to all be good extractants, but were not as efficient as N -methylpyrrolidone(I), with one exception. CS 2 / N -methylpyridone was found to be a better solvent than CS 2 /(I). The results suggest that solvents which have similar basicities, but have a more flattened shape, such as aromatic rings compared to saturated rings, are better extraction agents.
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Dyrkacz et al. (2001) studied this question.
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