Biofilm Formation by Streptococcus mutans and Related Bacteria

Caries is a disease of human dentition characterized by the loss of mineralized surfaces of the tooth; it is an infectious disease of the oral cavity in which biofilms play a causative role. Control of biofilms has traditionally relied on non-specific removal of plaque by mechanical means such as brushing, although it is difficult to remove biofilms by this method. Caries is also a widespread infection in children. Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus are important causative agents of caries. They produce a homologous exocellular polysaccharide called glucan, which strongly adheres to the enamel surface. This is a review of oral microbial biofilm formation by S. mutans and other related bacteria.