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Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of toluene was carried out on various zeolites, and theoretically analyzed to determine thermodynamic parameters. The TPD process was identified as the case of equilibrium control, showing that the analytical method, the same as that for ammonia TPD, can be applied to the toluene TPD to calculate the adsorption heat. It was observed that approximately one toluene molecule was adsorbed on one Na + cation for MFI and BEA. The heat of toluene adsorption on Na + was MOR > MFI > BEA > FAU, similar to the heat of ammonia adsorption on the corresponding H-form zeolite. A linear relationship was observed between both adsorption heats. It suggests that the adsorption of toluene on Na + is controlled by the electron-withdrawing nature of the ion exchange site, as well as the Brønsted acid strength of the H-form zeolite.
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Yoshimoto et al. (2006) studied this question.
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