Physiological study reveals enhanced strength and cycling performance in late afternoon, indicating time-of-day substantially affects exercise capacity.
= 0.114) were unaffected. Short-duration cycling performance and handgrip strength are enhanced during the late afternoon and early evening and occur alongside coordinated temporal variation in physiological and perceptual state. These findings highlight time-of-day as a meaningful source of variation in exercise capacity and an important consideration in exercise testing and research design.
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Hesketh et al. (2026) studied this question.
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