The Interplay of Human Activities, Environmental Pollution, and Lockdowns in Shaping Ecosystem Stability: A Theoretical Approach

This research develops a mathematical model to study the interactions among wildlife species, human population, environmental pollution, forest biomass, and the effects of lockdowns. The model assumes that rising human population, declining wildlife, and increasing pollution contribute to forest biomass loss. Pollution and human population growth are key drivers of wildlife decline, while environmental pollution is modeled to increase steadily. Lockdowns influence multiple ecological processes, including human impact on forests, pollution levels, and wildlife mortality. Short-term lockdowns may support ecological stability, whereas prolonged lockdowns could disrupt it. The study finds that pollution is a major factor in rising wildlife deaths and ecological instability. Also, human-driven wildlife extinction and overpopulation contribute to pollution, resource overuse, and further degradation of forest and wildlife systems. Disease-related human mortality is also identified as a potential disruptor of ecosystem balance.