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September 8, 2026Middle East Current PsychiatryOpen Access

Cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness-based cognitive therapies for adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and cognitive disengagement syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

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Authors

LKLeila KamranSGSeyed Mousa GolestanehAPAli Pakizeh

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Overview

Randomized trial shows that cognitive behavioral and mindfulness therapies reduce inattention and cognitive disengagement in adults with ADHD, indicating both can alleviate key cognitive deficits.

Key Points

  • To evaluate and compare the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) against a waitlist control on self-reported ADHD and cognitive disengagement syndrome symptoms in adults.
  • Randomized controlled trial (IRCT20250927067383N1) involving 60 adults meeting DSM-5 criteria for ADHD randomly assigned to CBT (n=20), MBCT (n=20), or a waitlist control group (n=20).
  • Outcomes were assessed at pretest, posttest, and two-month follow-up using the Persian version of the Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale–IV (BAARS-IV) and evaluated using MANCOVA and repeated-measures ANOVA.
  • Both CBT and MBCT demonstrated significantly greater reductions in self-reported symptoms compared to the waitlist control group, yielding the most consistent improvements in inattention and cognitive disengagement syndrome.
  • Treatment gains in inattention and cognitive disengagement syndrome were maintained at the two-month follow-up, while observed effects on hyperactivity and impulsivity were smaller.
  • No statistically significant differences were detected between CBT and MBCT, though the trial was not powered to establish equivalence or non-inferiority.

Cite This Study

Kamran et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9fd7c658e84d0ff5b46b94https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-026-00669-4
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Comparative Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Executive Functions, Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome, Stress Management, and Quality of Life in Adults with ADHD (Preprint)2025
  2. 2The Effects of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy on Executive Functions, Impulsivity, and Working Memory in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)2025
  3. 3Group dialectical behavior therapy skills training versus group cognitive behavioral therapy for adults with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial2026
  4. 4Eight-Week Mindfulness Training Effectively Improves Performance in Children with ADHD: A Comparison with Cognitive-Behavioral Training2026
  5. 5Effectiveness of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and the Role of Cognitive Ability in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder2025