Narrative review reveals multidimensional suicide risk factors in schizophrenia, highlighting clozapine and psychosocial interventions as essential preventive strategies.
Key Points
To synthesize key suicide risk factors in schizophrenia and evaluate evidence-based pharmacological and non-pharmacological preventive strategies.
Conducted a narrative literature review searching PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception to June 2026.
Synthesized findings from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, large observational cohorts, and international clinical guidelines.
Suicide risk in schizophrenia stems from complex interactions among clinical symptoms, neurobiological processes, genetic vulnerabilities, and psychosocial stressors.
Clozapine is the most extensively validated pharmacological treatment for reducing suicide risk, while emerging artificial intelligence approaches show promise for risk prediction.
Non-pharmacological interventions, including neuromodulation techniques, psychotherapy, and structured psychosocial programs, provide essential complementary benefits.