Review demonstrates advances in magnetic particle imaging architectures and tracer engineering in preclinical and clinical systems, highlighting pathways toward precision medicine.
Key Points
To provide an integrated, system- and materials-oriented review of magnetic particle imaging principles, scanner hardware, tracer engineering, and translational clinical applications.
Reviewed the physical fundamentals of magnetic particle imaging, including nonlinear magnetization, relaxation dynamics, and field-free-region spatial encoding.
Evaluated system architectures across preclinical closed-bore, open, single-sided, hand-held, and hybrid imaging platforms.
Analyzed rational tracer design using a core-shell-function framework alongside translational applications including angiography, cell tracking, and tumor imaging.
Hardware developments have progressed from closed-bore animal scanners to open and portable geometries, reducing power and scaling constraints for human-sized applications.
Optimizing magnetic core dynamics, surface coatings, and target functionalization significantly enhances signal generation and in vivo biodistribution.
Preclinical evaluations show zero tissue background and depth-independent quantitative tracking for intraoperative guidance and vascular imaging.