Experimental flume study reveals key hydrograph drivers in sequential dam-break floods, suggesting water depth and breach height govern downstream risk.
Cascade dam-break floods pose significant threats to downstream areas, with the discharge hydrograph being crucial for flood routing. This paper focuses on the discharge hydrograph at the second dam in sequential dam–break events. A series of experiments was carried out in a 20 m long flume. The free surface profiles and discharge hydrographs are obtained using optical LiDAR technology. The results show that the contribution of increased flow depth at the second dam to the peak discharge is significantly greater than that of velocity. The influence of break width on the peak discharge is significantly less than that of break height. A simplified analytical method is developed to estimate both the peak discharge and the discharge hydrograph at the second dam. This research offers valuable insights for flood risk assessment.
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Zhang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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