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September 8, 2026Scientific ReportsOpen Access

Structural insights into the TNFR2/LTα interaction through an integrated experimental and computational approach

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Authors

GCGabriela Całka-KucUniversity of GdańskPSPaulina StencelABAngelika Becht

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Implication

In vitro and computational study reveals the binding architecture and interface of the TNFR2/LTα complex, highlighting contact residues distinct from TNFα recognition.

Key Points

  • To determine the binding affinity, structural architecture, and residue-level interface contacts governing the interaction between tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) and lymphotoxin α (LTα).
  • Measured binding affinities of mammalian- and bacterially expressed LTα for TNFR2 using spectral shift assays.
  • Mapped binding fragments using SPOT peptide synthesis and dot blot analysis to identify interactive sequences, particularly within the unresolved N-terminal region of LTα.
  • Constructed 1:3 and extended 3:3 TNFR2/LTα structural models and evaluated interface energetics using molecular dynamics simulations combined with MM-GBSA calculations.
  • Identified TNFR2-reactive peptides within the flexible N-terminal segment of LTα, allowing generation of an extended 3:3 complex model with partial agreement between experimental and predicted contacts.
  • Found that LTα and TNFα engage TNFR2 with comparable overall complex organization, but TNFα binds with substantially higher affinity.
  • Demonstrated that distinct residue-level energetic interactions stabilize the TNFR2/LTα interface compared to the TNFR2/TNFα complex.

Cite This Study

Całka-Kuc et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9fd82f58e84d0ff5b47895https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-69890-9
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