Key result
Living in the Italian region of Switzerland was associated with a higher prevalence of prostate cancer risk-reducing dietary behaviors, including lower meat consumption (OR 3.31), compared to the German region.
Why the study?
Does living in the Italian region of Switzerland compared to the German region associate with prostate cancer risk-reducing lifestyle behaviors in men?
Cross-Sectional (n=27,769)
Does living in the Italian region of Switzerland compared to the German region associate with prostate cancer risk-reducing lifestyle behaviors in men?
Prostate cancer risk-reducing dietary behaviors (less dairy, less meat, more fish) are more common in the Italian region of Switzerland, potentially contributing to regional differences in prostate cancer mortality.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Regional dietary patterns may partly explain prostate cancer mortality gaps; leaves open causal effects and need for prospective confirmation.
PURPOSE: In Switzerland, prostate cancer mortality is higher in the German than in the Italian-speaking region. We aimed at exploring the association of living in one of the two regions with lifestyle factors presumably lowering the risk of prostate cancer. METHODS: We pooled data from the Swiss Health Survey, conducted every 5 years 1992 - 2012. Information on diet (meat, fish, dairy, fruits and vegetables), alcohol, smoking, physical activity and body mass index were dichotomized into "risky" and "risk-reducing" lifestyle behaviour with respect to prostate cancer. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess associations between the German and Italian region of Switzerland and each single lifestyle factor. RESULTS: Living in the Italian region was associated with "risk-reducing" diet, i.e. with a higher prevalence of low dairy products and meat consumption and high fish consumption (odds ratio [OR] 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21 - 1.48; OR 3.31, 95% CI 2.94 - 3.72; OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.71 - 2.12, respectively). However, men in the Italian region were less likely to have low alcohol consumption and regular physical activity than men in the German region (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.36 - 0.52 and OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.69 - 0.86, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Prostate cancer risk-reducing dietary behaviour (i.e., less dairy products, less meat and more fish) was more common in the Italian region, whereas other risk-reducing lifestyle behaviours were more common in the German region.
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Richard et al. (2016) conducted a cross-sectional in Prostate cancer risk factors (n=27,769). Living in the Italian region of Switzerland vs. Living in the German region of Switzerland was evaluated on Meat consumption < 5 times per week (OR 3.31, 95% CI 2.94-3.72). Living in the Italian region of Switzerland was associated with a higher prevalence of prostate cancer risk-reducing dietary behaviors, including lower meat consumption (OR 3.31), compared to the German region.
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