Single arm rectangular spiral antenna with four open circuit switches over a high-impedance surface (HIS) is proposed for pattern reconfigurable applications. The HIS plane without vias is utilized to achieve a low-profile antenna design with a net thickness of 5.08 mm. This is equivalent to ~ lambdao/17 for the intended operating frequency of 3.3 GHz. By using the possible sixteen switching combinations a near 360deg beam steering is achieved, and the switched beams do not have a polarization variation from one pattern to another. The realized pattern reconfigurable antenna has both the tilted (thetasmaxges 25deg) and axial (5degmax< 10deg) beams, which have an average directivity of 6.9 dBi.
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Deo et al. (2008) studied this question.
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