The shorter, the more dispersible: An iterative, emulsion-based shortening technique has been used to reduce the length of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) to the same order of magnitude as their diameter (ca. 1 nm), thus achieving an effectively "zero-dimensional" structure with improved dispersibility and, after hydroxylation, long-term water solubility. Finally, zero-dimensional SWNTs were positively identified using mass spectrometry for the first time.
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Kamalasanan et al. (2013) studied this question.
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