In this paper, the freeze concentration separation process is described and the status of its industrial applications is reviewed. The pilot plant and commercial applications in the chemical and food processing industry for desalination and environmental protection, and in the pulp and paper industry are summarized. The advantages of using this process in the various industrial sectors as well as the limitations are delineated. The development of the clathrate hydrate process is also discussed. Finally, some anticipated developments are described.
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Peter Englezos (1994) studied this question.
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