The way drivers obtain road information has evolved from using only road guide signs to using both road guide signs and navigation systems. However, the effectiveness of their separate and combination settings has not yet been explored, making it difficult to determine whether their configurations should be optimized. This study explores the effectiveness of road guide signs, navigation systems, and their combination. First, a driving-simulation experiment was conducted. Subsequently, four objective indicators based on driving behavior rather than subjective or attitudinal indicators were selected. Finally, the differences in driving behaviors under different modes were examined. The results indicated that drivers performed better when using only the navigation system and the combination mode, based on the driving behaviors of the entire section. The vehicle operation efficiency under the three modes was consistent in the three subsections; however, the driving safety performance varied with the changes in the subsections.
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Yang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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