The light extraction efficiencies of InGaN/GaN blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of different geometries ranging from a triangle to a decagon have been simulated by ray-tracing. The conventional rectangular LED was found to be the most inefficient among the investigated polygons, and light extraction through the device sidewalls was the key factor. The results were experimentally verified by fabricating LEDs shaped into polygons by nanosecond-pulsed laser micromachining, which proved the simulated results. The mechanism of light extrac-tion in polygonal LEDs is discussed in detail.
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Wang et al. (2010) studied this question.
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