Deep fading on line-of-sight microwave paths is usually a result of multipath interference phenomena. Frequency diversity has been the most common method of protecting against such fading. In the past few years, vertical space diversity has also come into use. This paper discusses its characteristics, methods of determining spacings, and describes some results achieved. It is concluded that vertical space diversity provides a very effective tool for combating multipath fading on line-of-sight paths, regardless of the source of the fading.
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R. White (1968) studied this question.
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