Educational Objectives 1. Explain why historical studies underestimated complication rates with universally applied nonoperative treatment of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. 2. Describe the clinical sequelae and patient morbidity encountered in mid-shaft clavicle nonunion and symptomatic malunion. 3. List the radiographic and patient factors associated with increased risk of nonunion and symptomatic malunion in patients with displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. 4. Discuss the potential benefits and complications associated with acute fixation of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures
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Bravman et al. (2009) studied this question.
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