Oral Preexposure Prophylaxis for HIV — Another Arrow in the Quiver?

Despite the growing global access to life-extending antiretroviral drugs for the more than 33 million persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, approximately 7000 new infections occur daily. This alarming number speaks to the critical need for effective approaches to HIV prevention.1 Early approaches to prevention were limited to the consistent use of barrier methods during sex,2 a reduction in the prevalence of HIV in the blood supply, behavior modification, postexposure prophylaxis, and awareness of HIV-infection status. Antiretroviral drugs that were provided to pregnant women with HIV infection were shown to dramatically reduce the risk of perinatal transmission,3 with . . .