Characteristics of Biologically-Active Substances of Amaranth Oil Obtained by Various Techniques.

a source of lipids and to produce fl our, fl akes, expanded seeds, some types of bread [Januszewska-Jóźwiak & Synowiecki, 2008] and confectionery [Sindhuja et al., 2005].The content of crude fat in seeds of various species of amaranth varies from 4.8 to 10% [Januszewska-Jóźwiak & Synowiecki, 2008].It is too low to ensure its cost-effective production without the rational use of by-products.It is necessary to develop a technology to enable obtaining oil from the material and using the by-product in order to obtain protein or starch [León-Camacho et al., 2001;Gontarczyk, 1996].Research has been carried out on the possibility of obtaining squalene [Martinez-Correa et al., 2010;Westerman et al., 2006, Sun et al., 1997].Products enriched with squalene from Amaranthus oil are a good squalene carrier in a human diet [Piotrowska et al., 2007].Cold-pressed oils are characterised by a higher content of native substances as compared to refi ned oils.During the refi ning process some nutrients and antioxidants are lost, such as carotenoids and tocopherols [Gunstone, 2002;Reichert, 2002].Supercritical fl uid extraction is an attractive alternative to traditional methods of oils separation, such as distillation or extraction with solvents.It was successfully used to fractionate active antioxidant components, e.g. from rosemary leaves, tea, various fruits and vegetables, as well as to isolate tocopherols from hibiscus and amaranth seeds [Pereira et al.,