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There are numerous conditions with delusional misidentifications, among them being Capgras syndrome. This presentation is characterized by a false belief that an imposter has replaced someone, usually a family member or other person close to that individual. Capgras syndrome can be caused by dysfunction between the temporal cortex and the amygdala and is often reported to be associated with neurologic, metabolic and/or psychiatric illnesses. It is also observed with medication, alcohol or other substance toxicities. Upon completing a diagnostic workup, treatment is directed towards the etiology and relief of psychotic symptoms.
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Iftikhar et al. (2012) studied this question.
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