The nature of the interfacial adhesion in composites of electroceramics and polymers was found to exert a profound influence on the piezoelectric activity of PZT-polymer composites with 1–3 connectivity and perforated PZT-polymer composites with 3–1 and 3–2 connectivity patterns. Treatment of the electroceramic surface with coupling agents (e.g., organosilanes or organstitanates) apparently improves the interfacial adhesion sufficiently to provide more efficient stress transfer from the polymer to the PZT. The [gbar]h and [dbar]h coefficients of the composites with coupling agents are from 20 to 35% higher than those prepared without coupling agent.
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Runt et al. (1985) studied this question.
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