Superhard nanostructured multielement coatings based on (Ti-Hf-Zr-V-Nb)N composition have been studied before and after thermal annealing at 600°C. It has been established that capture of positrons on defects takes place at the boundaries of nanograins and on interfaces (vacancies, nanopores, triple and higher-order joints of nanograins). Three-dimensional maps of the distribution of elements in super-hard coatings have been obtained using micro-proton-beam induced X-ray emission (μ-PIXE) measurements. Analysis of the μ-PIXE elemental profiles and defect profiles (obtained using a focused positron beam) helps understanding the physical picture of processes related to the formation of interfaces and sub-boundaries in nanostructured (Ti-Hf-Zr-V-Nb)N coatings.
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Pogrebnyak et al. (2013) studied this question.
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