Influence of Calcium Hydroxide Chlorhexidine Combination Vs. Calcium Hydroxide as Intra Ca-nal Medicaments on Postoperative Flare -Up Following two-Visit Endodontic Retreatment Cases: Single Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the calcium hydroxide with chlorhexidine combination and calcium hydroxide alone as an intra-canal medicament on postoperative pain and swelling (flare-up) in two visits endodontic retreatment cases.Methods: Twenty four patients, aged from 20 -50 years old with no gender prediction, suffering from failed previous endodontic treatment were included in this study.After confirming the diagnosis clinically and radiographically, patients were randomly assigned into two equal groups of 12 patients each.After removal of the previous root canal filling, root canals were prepared and cleaned with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, root canals were medicated with calcium hydroxide chlorhexidine combination in the intervention group, whereas the comparator group was medicated with calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicaments for 7 days.Endodontic treatment was completed in the second visits and lateral condensation technique with ADSEAL resin sealer used for obturation.Pain was assessed postoperatively after 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours and at 7 days before obturation.Patients were given an analgesic (Ibuprofen 200 mg) in case of severe pain.Categorical Scale for pain measuring and presence and absence of swelling was used as the primary outcome measure.Results: Results showed statistically significant difference between the two groups at the first 6 hours with calcium hydroxide Ca group recorded high incidence of postoperative flare up, and no statistically significant difference at 12, 24, 48, 72, and 7 days between the two groups in categorical scale or swelling records.There was no statistically significant difference in the intake of analgesics between the two groups.Conclusion: The study concluded that calcium hydroxide chlorhexidine combination resulted in better pain control.Also there was no difference in prevalence of swelling and in the intake of analgesics between the two groups.