Structure, porosity, and redox in porous manganese oxide octahedral layer and molecular sieve materials

The control of synthesis methods allows the preparation of unique materials such as octahedral layer (OL) and octahedral molecular sieve (OMS) systems. These mixed valent porous materials are excellent semiconductors. Conductivity in porous molecular sieve materials is unusual and leads to more favorable characterization such as less charging in relation to insulating materials like clays and zeolites. Semiconductivity of OL and OMS materials allows potential applications as sensors, redox catalysis, and in fuel cells. This review will focus on the use of composition and redox to control the structure, morphology, porosity, catalytic activity, and conductivity of such materials. A major emphasis in this field has been on the generation of new materials and the mechanism of formation of such systems.