Imidazole single crystal has a highly anisotropic conductivity; the ratio of conductivity in the c and a crystallographic directions is ∼103. In the c crystallographic direction, the hydrogen bonded direction, protonic carriers are discharged as hydrogen at the negative electrode. The limiting conduction process is possibly due to L-defect injection and transport back down the hydrogen bonded chain after the proton is discharged. Conductivity in the a direction is probably electronic and extrinsic.
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Kawada et al. (1970) studied this question.
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