Key result
Hypertension and prehypertension associated with up to ~77% higher CVD risk versus normal blood pressure.
Why the study?
Prehypertension and hypertension are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, motivating evaluation of their effect on the development of cardiovascular diseases.
Do prehypertension and hypertension increase the incidence of cardiovascular disease in adults aged 40-70?
Cohort (n=9,442)
Do prehypertension and hypertension increase the incidence of cardiovascular disease in adults aged 40-70?
Hazard Ratio: 1.77 (95% CI 1.38–2.29)
Absolute Event Rate: 3.29% vs 1.33%
p-value: p=<0.0001
Prehypertension and hypertension independently increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in a Middle Eastern cohort.
Prehypertension and hypertension were associated with higher CVD incidence; supports risk stratification but leaves open optimal management strategies.
Background and Aim Prehypertension and hypertension are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of prehypertension and hypertension on the development of cardiovascular diseases. Methods This prospective cohort study was performed on 9442 people aged 40−70 in Kharameh, southern Iran. Individuals were divided into three groups: normal blood pressure (N = 5009), prehypertension (N = 2166), and hypertension (N = 2267). In this study, demographic data, disease histories, behavioral habits, and biological parameters were studied. At first, the incidence density was calculated. Then Firth's Cox regression models were used to investigate the association between prehypertension and hypertension with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Results The incidence density in the three groups of individuals with normal blood pressure, prehypertension, and hypertension was 1.33, 2.02, and 3.29 cases per 100,000 person‐days, respectively. The results of multiple Firth's Cox regression by controlling all factors showed that the risk of occurrence of cardiovascular disease in people with prehypertension was 1.33 times (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01−1.73, p = 0.03) and those with hypertension were 1.85 times higher (HR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.38−2.29, p < 0.0001) than the individuals with normal blood. Conclusion Prehypertension and hypertension have played an independent role in the risk for developing cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, early detection of individuals with these factors and control of other risk factors in them can contribute to reducing the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.
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Moftakhar et al. (2023) conducted a cohort in Cardiovascular disease (n=9,442). Prehypertension and hypertension vs. Normal blood pressure was evaluated on Incidence of cardiovascular diseases (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.38-2.29, p=<0.0001). Hypertension and prehypertension significantly increased the risk of cardiovascular disease compared to normal blood pressure (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.38-2.29 and HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01-1.73, respectively).
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