Pt nanoparticles have been synthesized at relatively low temperatures in aqueous solution from hexachloroplatinic acid using cellulose nanocrystals (CNXLs) from cotton as reducing agents. The Pt nanoparticles were characterised using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the particles have a metallic Pt core and an oxidised surface layer. TEM analysis showed that the nanoparticles have an average diameter of approximately 2 nm, which is independent of the reactant concentrations. By performing the reduction reaction in the presence of a carbon-black support (Vulcan XC-72R), and removing the cellulosic material by heating in air, it was possible to produce carbon black supported Pt nanoparticles. Electrochemical analysis revealed that this Pt/C was highly active towards electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction, suggesting that this method may be very useful for fabricating Pt/C electrocatalysts.
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Johnson et al. (2011) studied this question.
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