Assessing Soil and Subsurface Carbon Sequestration: A Quantitative Analysis

This study examined the feasibility of using two geographical features: magnetic vessel science and gravimetry, and monitoring the amount of carbon adsorbed in soil and subsurface layers. For the purpose of our study, we conducted field campaigns at various locations where we collected magnetotelluric gravity data by using of specialized equipment and integrated it with geological and environmental data analyses. Magnetotellurics measurements of soil electrical resistivity show a strong negative correlation with organic carbon concentration (e.g., S010 in situ has an electrical resistivity of 82.671 Ωm and organic carbon content of 3,786%). This made it possible to estimate the amount of carbon stored in the soil. Gravimetric changes below the ground were linked to higher levels of CO2 saturation (for example, site G003 had a 0.912 mGal change and a 25.621% CO2 saturation), which helped scientists figure out what kind of carbon storage reservoirs might be there. Using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models and nonlinear regression techniques (Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm), time series analyses showed that it was possible to track the dynamics of CO2 injection (gravimetric anomalies went from 0.000 to 1.756 mGal when 0.623 Mt of CO2 was injected) and CO2 plume migration (resistivity went from 35.671 to 7.789 Ω•m as the plume spread to 2.16 km2). The findings contribute to developing effective climate change mitigation strategies, promoting sustainable land management practices, and informing carbon capture and storage initiatives.