A new donor–acceptor type small molecule with dithienothiophene and diketopyrrolopyrrole units has been synthesized for application in organic solar cells. In order to optimize the nanoscale morphology of the small molecule solar cells, additives such as 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) and 1-chloronaphthalene (CN) are used. The use of CN significantly suppresses molecular aggregation and allows suitable phase separation, enhancing power conversion efficiency from 0.5% to 2.2%.
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Park et al. (2012) studied this question.
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