Supporting Autistic Students in Music Education: A Systematic Literature Review

Education for autistic students is complex and highly individualized, with most autistic students attending mainstream schools. However, mainstream schools are often not equipped to sufficiently support autistic students, contributing to poorer academic and social outcomes. Music education is a common component of mainstream education worldwide, but research has largely focused on music as an intervention or therapy for autism. Subsequently, this systematic review explores how music classrooms can better support autistic students from a neurodiversity-affirming perspective. Analysis of 21 texts yielded eight key recommendations: using technology, using visual aids, selecting repertoire, adapting instruction, implementing routine and repetition, facilitating peer interaction, utilizing team-based approaches, and fostering inclusive environments. Findings support a holistic approach to music education for autistic students and provide practical recommendations for teacher practice, in alignment with international inclusion guidelines.