Facing Discrimination: Religion and Agency in Contemporary European Contexts

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Contemporary European debates inadequately understand discrimination against religious minorities by relying on the unsatisfactory assumption that it acts primarily as an external constraint, thereby failing to account for minority agency. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.CONTRADICTORY. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.CHALLENGES_CONSENSUS.

Pragati Rao

doi:10.1080/00938157.2026.2722353

September 9, 2026Reviews in Anthropology

Facing Discrimination: Religion and Agency in Contemporary European Contexts

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Key Points

Examine how religious discrimination and individual agency interact in contemporary European societies, challenging prevailing assumptions that treat discrimination solely as an external barrier.
Conducted a conceptual and sociological analysis of contemporary European academic and public debates surrounding religious minority experiences.
Demonstrated that conceptualizing discrimination purely as an external constraint overlooks the complex, proactive ways minority groups navigate social environments.
Identified the need for an expanded analytical framework that integrates personal and collective agency alongside systemic discrimination.

Implication

Theoretical analysis uncovers how discrimination shapes agency among European religious minorities, highlighting limitations in current frameworks treating bias purely as an external constraint.

Abstract

Contemporary European debates about religious minorities are often organized around two unsatisfactory assumptions: that discrimination acts upon minorities primarily as an external constraint, and...

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Cite This Study

Pragati Rao (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa27b9a58559d80afc74e33 https://doi.org/10.1080/00938157.2026.2722353

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Facing Discrimination: Religion and Agency in Contemporary European Contexts

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Facing Discrimination: Religion and Agency in Contemporary European Contexts

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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