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September 10, 2026European Journal of PediatricsOpen Access

Lung ultrasound versus chest radiography for the detection of early postoperative pulmonary complications in children undergoing cardiac surgery

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Authors

NBNehad A. BakryMMMervat G. MansourHAHeba A. Ali

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Overview

Prospective observational study reveals higher detection of pleural effusion with lung ultrasound versus radiography after pediatric cardiac surgery, indicating its value as a bedside tool.

Key Points

  • To evaluate the diagnostic detection rates of point-of-care lung ultrasound compared with bedside chest radiography for early postoperative pulmonary complications in children undergoing congenital heart surgery.
  • Prospective observational pilot study of 30 pediatric patients aged < 4 years undergoing congenital heart surgery (RACHS-1 categories 1–3) at a single tertiary center.
  • Conducted bedside standardized 12-zone lung ultrasound and chest radiography comparisons across three postoperative timepoints: within 6 hours postoperatively (T1), pre-extubation (T2), and post-extubation (T3).
  • Lung ultrasound demonstrated significantly higher detection of pleural effusion than chest radiography at T1 (40.0% vs. 6.7%; p = 0.002) and higher consolidation detection (56.7% vs. 33.3%; p = 0.069), with identical detection rates for pulmonary congestion (63.3%; p = 1.000).
  • Extubation failure occurred in 16.7% of patients (n = 5) and was associated with longer inotropic support duration (OR 0.52, p = 0.009), while imaging findings were not significantly associated with extubation failure (all p > 0.27).

Cite This Study

Bakry et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa27bfe58559d80afc75846https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-026-07353-z
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