Structural and Dielectric Properties in (1− x ) BaTiO 3 – x Bi ( Mg 1/2 Ti 1/2 ) O 3 Ceramics (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) and Potential for High‐Voltage Multilayer Capacitors

Structural and dielectric properties of (1− x ) BaTiO 3 – x Bi ( Mg 1/2 Ti 1/2 ) O 3 ( x = 0.1–0.5) were investigated to understand the binary system and utilize it for high‐voltage, high energy density capacitors. The solubility limit for Bi ( Mg 1/2 Ti 1/2 ) O 3 in a BaTiO 3 perovskite was between x = 0.4 and x = 0.5. A phase with pseudocubic symmetry was formed for x = 0.1–0.4; a secondary phase developed at x = 0.5. Dielectric measurements showed highly diffusive and dispersive relaxor‐like characteristics from 10 to 40 mol% of Bi ( Mg 1/2 Ti 1/2 ) O 3 . These compositions also showed high relative permittivity with low‐temperature coefficients of permittivity over a wide range of temperatures −100°C–600°C. Relaxation behavior was quantitatively investigated using the Vogel–Fulcher model, which revealed the activation energy of 0.17–0.22 eV. Prototyped multilayer capacitors of 18 mm × 17 mm × 4 mm dimensions with a capacitance of 12.5 nF at 1 kHz were successfully constructed and demonstrated multiple charge–discharge characteristics up to 10 kV.